Hypertension
Hypertension is the pressure exerted by the blood against the arterial walls in which it flows. Blood pressure varies in the same person, during the day and in the face of various activities he performs. For example, blood pressure tends to decrease during sleep, at rest or after exercise, while during the physical activity itself, during excitement or during moments of anger, it tends to rise.
Blood pressure is indicated by two numbers: the high value, called systolic blood pressure, expresses the peak pressure within the arteries that is created after the blood flows from the heart to the arteries. The low value, the diastolic pressure, is the low value, measured when the heart is "resting", for its next beat. In the general population - hypertension - ILD - is defined as blood pressure equal to or greater than 140/90 mg. In unique populations, such as diabetics, kidney patients, and/or patients with many risk factors, the "determinants" are lower.
Childbirth often occurs without any preliminary signs and in any case, it can increase the chance of brain events and heart disease.
The risk of Pregnancy is present when there is a clear hereditary tendency but also in people without a family story who are overweight and lead a lifestyle that does not maintain proper nutrition, rest, and exercise.
Blood Pressure Values
Blood pressure group systolic blood pressure
(Millimeters of mercury) Diastolic blood pressure
(Millimeter)
Optimal <120 and <80
Normal 120-129 or 80-84
Normal high 130-139 or 85-89
Hypertension> 140 or> 90
The classification is not suitable for diabetics, metabolic syndrome, patients with blood vessels (eg, heart disease), kidney patients, or their patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease.
Client from: Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the (ESH) European Society of Hypertension and of the (ESC) European Society of Cardiology
Types of blood pressure tests
Examination by the attending physician - when visiting the clinic. Hypertension is measured in the clinic as blood pressure 140/900 or higher.
Self-examination - by the patient himself. This test is of great importance to anyone with hypertension because it is a convenient and readily available monitoring tool. Self-measurement is particularly important, in patients with "white robe syndrome" - a syndrome manifested by hypertension in a medical setting. In-home measurement, hypertension is already set to about 130-135 / 85 or higher.
Blood pressure monitoring for 24 hours, using "Holter Blood Pressure" - this measure, is used in patients with suspected "white robe syndrome". In addition, it is important to assess the pattern of blood pressure in many situations, for example, assessment of treatment efficacy, assessment of resistance to treatment, event diagnosis of increases, or a sharp drop in blood pressure. There is no substitute for this tool for assessing nocturnal hypertension, measured during sleep. High blood pressure during sleep is just as important, and perhaps even more, than blood pressure during hours of operation. Blood pressure monitoring generally shows lower blood pressure values than the other forms of measurement, and normally includes a 10% -20% reduction in blood pressure during sleep, so that hypertension is defined as average blood pressure above 135/85 while awake. , And blood pressure higher than 120/70 at bedtime.
How to measure blood pressure?
Proper and calibrated measuring instruments should be used. It is advisable to test a home appliance every six months against a curative device to make sure it is calibrated.
The measurement should be done after 5 minutes of relaxed sitting on a chair, with the legs resting on the floor (and not raised), and the tested hand supported and positioned at heart level. Caffeine, exercise, and smoking should be avoided for at least 30 minutes before measurement. Also, pressurized clothing must be removed.
The size of the measuring sleeve should be adjusted to the circumference of the tested arm, as too small a sleeve may result in the incorrect measurement of hypertension.
The sleeve should be placed so that the tube is placed above the brachial artery, located on the inside of the arm between the elbow and shoulder, and perform several measurements until two successive measurements are obtained, the results of which are not closer than 5). These will be taken into account for the "correct" measurements. In order to define hypertension, the values should be high based on measurements taken for four consecutive days, morning and evening.
Important note: Devices for measuring blood pressure in the wrist are considered to be the least reliable of the devices that measure blood pressure in the arm and are therefore not recommended for use.
For the first time, the blood pressure should be measured with both hands and see if there are significant differences between the two measurements. Subsequently, blood pressure should be measured by the higher blood pressure value measured.
In an adult subject, and in those with diabetes or who are already being treated with hypertensive medication, blood pressure and heart rate should also be measured at standing, 1-5 minutes after moving from sitting to standing.
Hypertension is the pressure exerted by the blood against the arterial walls in which it flows. Blood pressure varies in the same person, during the day and in the face of various activities he performs. For example, blood pressure tends to decrease during sleep, at rest or after exercise, while during the physical activity itself, during excitement or during moments of anger, it tends to rise.
Blood pressure is indicated by two numbers: the high value, called systolic blood pressure, expresses the peak pressure within the arteries that is created after the blood flows from the heart to the arteries. The low value, the diastolic pressure, is the low value, measured when the heart is "resting", for its next beat. In the general population - hypertension - ILD - is defined as blood pressure equal to or greater than 140/90 mg. In unique populations, such as diabetics, kidney patients, and/or patients with many risk factors, the "determinants" are lower.
Childbirth often occurs without any preliminary signs and in any case, it can increase the chance of brain events and heart disease.
The risk of Pregnancy is present when there is a clear hereditary tendency but also in people without a family story who are overweight and lead a lifestyle that does not maintain proper nutrition, rest, and exercise.
Blood Pressure Values
Blood pressure group systolic blood pressure
(Millimeters of mercury) Diastolic blood pressure
(Millimeter)
Optimal <120 and <80
Normal 120-129 or 80-84
Normal high 130-139 or 85-89
Hypertension> 140 or> 90
The classification is not suitable for diabetics, metabolic syndrome, patients with blood vessels (eg, heart disease), kidney patients, or their patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease.
Client from: Force for the management of arterial hypertension of the (ESH) European Society of Hypertension and of the (ESC) European Society of Cardiology
Types of blood pressure tests
Examination by the attending physician - when visiting the clinic. Hypertension is measured in the clinic as blood pressure 140/900 or higher.
Self-examination - by the patient himself. This test is of great importance to anyone with hypertension because it is a convenient and readily available monitoring tool. Self-measurement is particularly important, in patients with "white robe syndrome" - a syndrome manifested by hypertension in a medical setting. In-home measurement, hypertension is already set to about 130-135 / 85 or higher.
Blood pressure monitoring for 24 hours, using "Holter Blood Pressure" - this measure, is used in patients with suspected "white robe syndrome". In addition, it is important to assess the pattern of blood pressure in many situations, for example, assessment of treatment efficacy, assessment of resistance to treatment, event diagnosis of increases, or a sharp drop in blood pressure. There is no substitute for this tool for assessing nocturnal hypertension, measured during sleep. High blood pressure during sleep is just as important, and perhaps even more, than blood pressure during hours of operation. Blood pressure monitoring generally shows lower blood pressure values than the other forms of measurement, and normally includes a 10% -20% reduction in blood pressure during sleep, so that hypertension is defined as average blood pressure above 135/85 while awake. , And blood pressure higher than 120/70 at bedtime.
How to measure blood pressure?
Proper and calibrated measuring instruments should be used. It is advisable to test a home appliance every six months against a curative device to make sure it is calibrated.
The measurement should be done after 5 minutes of relaxed sitting on a chair, with the legs resting on the floor (and not raised), and the tested hand supported and positioned at heart level. Caffeine, exercise, and smoking should be avoided for at least 30 minutes before measurement. Also, pressurized clothing must be removed.
The size of the measuring sleeve should be adjusted to the circumference of the tested arm, as too small a sleeve may result in the incorrect measurement of hypertension.
The sleeve should be placed so that the tube is placed above the brachial artery, located on the inside of the arm between the elbow and shoulder, and perform several measurements until two successive measurements are obtained, the results of which are not closer than 5). These will be taken into account for the "correct" measurements. In order to define hypertension, the values should be high based on measurements taken for four consecutive days, morning and evening.
Important note: Devices for measuring blood pressure in the wrist are considered to be the least reliable of the devices that measure blood pressure in the arm and are therefore not recommended for use.
For the first time, the blood pressure should be measured with both hands and see if there are significant differences between the two measurements. Subsequently, blood pressure should be measured by the higher blood pressure value measured.
In an adult subject, and in those with diabetes or who are already being treated with hypertensive medication, blood pressure and heart rate should also be measured at standing, 1-5 minutes after moving from sitting to standing.
